ProTeacher

Tag: NCERT Solutions Class 8

  • Unit – 5, Class 8th English, Poorvi, NCERT

    Lesson 1: Feathered Friend – Arthur C. Clarke

    Before the Text

    Q1. What comes to your mind when you hear “life in space”?
    Ans. Astronauts floating in zero gravity, space stations, advanced machines, and unusual challenges.

    Q2. Do you think animals can be useful in space? How?
    Ans. Yes, animals can sense danger earlier, give companionship, and even help in experiments.

    Q3. Why might space travel be dangerous for humans?
    Ans. Because of lack of oxygen, zero gravity, cosmic radiation, and isolation.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Who was Claribel?
    Ans. A small yellow canary secretly taken aboard the space station.

    Q2. Who brought her there?
    Ans. Sven Olsen, the narrator’s friend and fellow astronaut.

    Q3. Why did the narrator think Sven had chosen a canary?
    Ans. Because canaries are light, cheerful companions and have been used in coal mines to detect poisonous gases.

    Q4. What happened one morning inside the space station?
    Ans. Claribel fainted, which alerted the astronauts that oxygen had leaked.

    Q5. How did the bird save their lives?
    Ans. By fainting first, she warned them of low oxygen levels before it was dangerous for humans.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why did the narrator call Claribel an “illegal immigrant”?
    Ans. Because animals were not officially allowed on the space station.

    Q2. What does this reveal about Sven?
    Ans. That he was kind-hearted, playful, and valued companionship.

    Q3. Why was Claribel welcomed despite being illegal?
    Ans. Because she brought joy and song to the astronauts.

    Extract 2

    Q1. Why did Claribel faint before the astronauts?
    Ans. Because small animals need more oxygen and are affected earlier by lack of it.

    Q2. How does this incident show science in action?
    Ans. It shows how living beings react differently to changes in environment, and how animals can be natural warning systems.

    Q3. What qualities of Claribel are admired in the story?
    Ans. Her innocence, cheerfulness, and her unintentional role as a life-saver.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why did the narrator initially disapprove of Claribel?
    Ans. Because he thought bringing a bird was childish and unnecessary in a space station.

    Q2. How did his opinion change?
    Ans. He realised the bird was useful when she saved their lives.

    Q3. What does the story teach us about animals?
    Ans. That they are sensitive, valuable companions, and can even save human lives.

    Q4. Why is the story titled Feathered Friend?
    Ans. Because Claribel, the feathered canary, proved to be a true friend by warning them of danger.

    Q5. How is humour used in the story?
    Ans. By calling the bird an “illegal immigrant” and describing Sven’s secret plan in a light, amusing way.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Illegal → Unlawful

    • Friend → Companion

    • Oxygen → Air

    • Warn → Alert

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Life × Death

    • Legal × Illegal

    • Large × Small

    • Safe × Dangerous

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a diary entry as Sven Olsen on the day Claribel saved the astronauts.

    Ans.
    Dear Diary,
    Today Claribel proved why she belongs with us in space. This morning, she fainted suddenly. At first, I was terrified. But then we realised what had happened—oxygen levels were dropping fast. If not for her, we might not have noticed until it was too late. Who would have thought a little yellow bird could save the lives of strong astronauts? She is not just my pet, but everyone’s feathered friend now.
    – Sven

    Summary of the Story

    Feathered Friend by Arthur C. Clarke is a humorous yet thoughtful science fiction story set in a space station. Sven Olsen secretly brings a canary, Claribel, aboard. While some astronauts laugh at this, the bird proves her worth when she faints, warning them of low oxygen levels. This helps save their lives. The story highlights the importance of animals, their sensitivity, and the bond between humans and other creatures. It shows that even in a world of science and technology, simple natural companions can be life-savers.

    Lesson 2: Magnifying Glass – Walter de la Mare

    Before the Text

    Q1. Have you used a magnifying glass? What did you observe?
    Ans. Yes, I used it to look at leaves, insects, and small print. It made tiny details look bigger and clearer.

    Q2. Why do children enjoy using magnifying glasses?
    Ans. Because they make small things appear large and magical, sparking curiosity and fun.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. What does the child do with the magnifying glass?
    Ans. The child looks at everyday objects—ant, letters, hair, dust, leaf—and discovers hidden details.

    Q2. What does the poem suggest about curiosity?
    Ans. That curiosity turns ordinary things into exciting discoveries.

    Q3. Why does the poet use a child’s point of view?
    Ans. To show innocence, wonder, and the joy of exploring small things.

    Q4. How does the magnifying glass change the child’s world?
    Ans. It makes common objects appear extraordinary, teaching that science reveals hidden beauty.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. What objects does the child observe first?
    Ans. An ant and printed letters.

    Q2. Why does the ant look different?
    Ans. It looks huge and strange through the magnifying glass.

    Q3. What does this show about science tools?
    Ans. That simple tools help us see the world in new ways.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What other things did the child see?
    Ans. A hair, a leaf, and tiny specks of dust.

    Q2. How did these things appear?
    Ans. Large, detailed, and sometimes surprising.

    Q3. What feelings do these discoveries bring?
    Ans. Excitement, wonder, and curiosity to explore more.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What is the central idea of the poem?
    Ans. The joy of curiosity and how science tools like magnifying glasses reveal hidden wonders.

    Q2. Why is the magnifying glass compared to magic?
    Ans. Because it transforms ordinary things into something extraordinary.

    Q3. How does the poem connect science and imagination?
    Ans. By showing how observation creates amazement, mixing knowledge with wonder.

    Q4. What values does the poem teach children?
    Ans. Curiosity, observation, creativity, and love for learning.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Magnify → Enlarge

    • Tiny → Small, minute

    • Strange → Unusual

    • Discover → Find

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Big × Small

    • Clear × Blurred

    • Magic × Ordinary

    • Known × Unknown

    Writing Task

    Q. Imagine you are a child with a magnifying glass. Write a short poem or paragraph about what you see.

    Ans.
    Through my tiny magic glass,
    I see the world in class.
    A leaf becomes a forest deep,
    An ant a giant, on a leap.
    Dust like planets in the sky,
    So much wonder meets my eye.

    Summary of the Poem

    Magnifying Glass by Walter de la Mare captures the curiosity of a child exploring the world with a magnifying glass. Simple things like ants, leaves, dust, and letters become extraordinary under the lens. The poem blends science and imagination, showing that curiosity and observation turn everyday life into a magical discovery.

    Lesson 3: Bibha Chowdhuri – The Beam of Light that Lit the Path for Women in Indian Science

    Before the Text

    Q1. Do you know any famous Indian women scientists?
    Ans. Yes, like Kalpana Chawla (astronaut), Janaki Ammal (botanist), and Tessy Thomas (missile scientist).

    Q2. Why is it important to highlight women scientists?
    Ans. Because their contributions inspire future generations and show that science belongs to everyone.

    Q3. What qualities are needed to succeed in science?
    Ans. Curiosity, hard work, patience, observation, and determination.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Who was Bibha Chowdhuri?
    Ans. She was India’s first woman particle physicist and a pioneer in cosmic ray research.

    Q2. With whom did she work in England?
    Ans. With Nobel Prize winner Patrick Blackett at the University of Manchester.

    Q3. What was her contribution to physics?
    Ans. She studied cosmic rays and particles like mesons, making important discoveries in particle physics.

    Q4. What role did she play in India after independence?
    Ans. She worked at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and later at the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics in Kolkata.

    Q5. How was she honoured later?
    Ans. The International Astronomical Union named a star, “Bibha,” after her in 2017.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why was it difficult for Bibha to pursue science in her time?
    Ans. Because women faced gender bias and very few studied science in the 1930s.

    Q2. What does her success prove?
    Ans. That determination and talent can overcome social barriers.

    Q3. What values are shown in her life?
    Ans. Courage, dedication, and passion for knowledge.

    Extract 2

    Q1. Why was Bibha’s work not widely recognised in her lifetime?
    Ans. Because she worked in a male-dominated field where women’s contributions were often overlooked.

    Q2. How does naming a star after her give justice?
    Ans. It immortalises her name, shining as a symbol of inspiration for future scientists.

    Q3. What lesson can students learn from her?
    Ans. To never give up, to break barriers, and to follow curiosity with perseverance.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why is Bibha Chowdhuri called “a beam of light”?
    Ans. Because like light, she illuminated the path for women in science and inspired others.

    Q2. What field of science did she specialise in?
    Ans. Particle physics and cosmic ray research.

    Q3. How did she contribute to Indian science after returning?
    Ans. By teaching, guiding young scientists, and doing research at top Indian institutes.

    Q4. What does her story tell us about women in science?
    Ans. That though women faced challenges, they made pioneering contributions with courage and brilliance.

    Q5. How can we continue her legacy today?
    Ans. By encouraging girls in STEM fields, supporting equality, and recognising women scientists.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Beam → Ray

    • Pioneer → Trailblazer

    • Inspire → Motivate

    • Honour → Respect

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Success × Failure

    • Recognised × Ignored

    • Early × Late

    • Male-dominated × Equal

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a short biographical sketch of Bibha Chowdhuri.

    Ans.
    Bibha Chowdhuri (1913–1991) was India’s first woman particle physicist. She studied physics at the University of Calcutta and later worked with Nobel Laureate Patrick Blackett in England on cosmic rays. Returning to India, she worked at TIFR and the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics. Despite facing gender bias, she made pioneering contributions to particle physics. In 2017, a star was named “Bibha” in her honour. She remains an inspiration for all who wish to break barriers in science.

    Summary of the Lesson

    This lesson tells the story of Bibha Chowdhuri, India’s first woman particle physicist. At a time when very few women studied science, she became a pioneer in cosmic ray research and worked with Nobel laureates. She contributed greatly to Indian science after independence but did not receive the recognition she deserved during her lifetime. Later, a star was named after her. Her life teaches us the values of determination, courage, and the importance of recognising women in science.

  • Unit – 4, Class 8th English, Poorvi, NCERT

    Lesson 1: The Cherry Tree – Ruskin Bond

    Before the Text

    Q1. Have you ever planted a tree or a sapling? What was the experience like?
    Ans. Yes, I planted a neem sapling. Watching it grow gave me joy and taught me patience.

    Q2. Why is it important to plant trees?
    Ans. Because they give us oxygen, shade, fruits, wood, and help balance the environment.

    Q3. How do you feel when you see a tree you planted grow?
    Ans. Proud and happy, like taking care of a friend and watching it thrive.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Who planted the cherry seed?
    Ans. Rakesh, a boy living in the hills.

    Q2. Where did he plant it?
    Ans. In a corner of his grandfather’s garden, near a dry stony ground.

    Q3. What difficulties did the plant face?
    Ans. It was eaten by a goat, cut by a grass-cutter, and once almost dried up in summer.

    Q4. How did the cherry tree survive?
    Ans. Despite struggles, it grew slowly and strongly with nature’s care—rain, sun, and soil.

    Q5. What did the tree look like after four years?
    Ans. It grew tall, blossomed with pink flowers, and bore small cherries.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why was Rakesh curious about the seed?
    Ans. Because he wanted to see how something so small could grow into a tree.

    Q2. What does his act of planting show?
    Ans. His love for nature and eagerness to learn.

    Q3. What lesson does this extract give us?
    Ans. That small actions, like planting a seed, can lead to great results.

    Extract 2

    Q1. How did the tree reflect the cycle of nature?
    Ans. It faced heat, rain, animals, and humans, but continued to grow, showing resilience of life.

    Q2. What does the cherry tree symbolize?
    Ans. Patience, hope, and the rewards of nurturing nature.

    Q3. How did Rakesh and his grandfather feel seeing the blossoms?
    Ans. Proud, amazed, and grateful to nature.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why did Rakesh plant the cherry seed?
    Ans. Out of curiosity and encouragement from his grandfather.

    Q2. How did the goat and grass-cutter affect the plant?
    Ans. The goat ate its leaves, and the grass-cutter cut it to the ground.

    Q3. Why is nature called a true caretaker in the story?
    Ans. Because despite troubles, nature—sunlight, rain, and soil—helped the seed grow into a tree.

    Q4. What values do we learn from the cherry tree’s survival?
    Ans. Perseverance, patience, and respect for nature.

    Q5. How is the story an example of “Environment” theme?
    Ans. It shows the bond between humans and nature, and how planting trees sustains life.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Curious → Eager

    • Blossom → Flower

    • Survive → Continue, endure

    • Proud → Glad, happy

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Plant × Uproot

    • Strong × Weak

    • Hope × Despair

    • Life × Death

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a short paragraph on “A Tree I Love.”
    Ans. I love the banyan tree in my village. It is huge, with thick roots and branches that spread like a roof. Birds nest in it, and children play under its shade. For me, it is not just a tree but a living companion that has seen many generations.

    Summary of the Story

    The Cherry Tree by Ruskin Bond is about Rakesh, a boy who plants a cherry seed in his grandfather’s garden. The sapling faces many struggles—being eaten by a goat, cut down, and dried by the sun. But with the care of nature, it grows into a beautiful tree with blossoms and cherries after four years. Rakesh and his grandfather feel joy and pride at its growth. The story teaches us the values of patience, perseverance, and love for nature.

    Lesson 2: Harvest Hymn – Sarojini Naidu

    Before the Text

    Q1. Why do farmers pray during harvest time?
    Ans. To thank God for the crops and to ask for blessings for a good yield and prosperity.

    Q2. How are festivals like Pongal, Baisakhi, or Onam related to harvest?
    Ans. They are celebrated by farmers after harvesting crops, to express gratitude and joy.

    Q3. Why is agriculture important for our country?
    Ans. Because it provides food, raw materials, and livelihood for millions of people.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. To whom is the poem addressed?
    Ans. To God, as a prayer of gratitude and request for blessings on the fields.

    Q2. What do the farmers ask from God?
    Ans. To bless their fields, protect them from pests, storms, and droughts, and grant them rich harvests.

    Q3. What images of nature are used in the poem?
    Ans. Fields, golden corn, green pastures, rain, sunshine, and storms.

    Q4. Why is the poem called a “hymn”?
    Ans. Because it is written like a prayer or song of devotion.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. What is meant by “Lord of the harvest”?
    Ans. God, who is believed to control nature and crops.

    Q2. Why do farmers call themselves “children of earth”?
    Ans. Because they live close to the soil and depend on it for survival.

    Q3. What values are reflected in these lines?
    Ans. Humility, gratitude, and devotion.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What dangers do farmers fear?
    Ans. Pests, floods, droughts, and storms destroying their crops.

    Q2. How do they seek God’s help?
    Ans. By praying for protection, sunshine, and rain in proper measure.

    Q3. What tone do these lines carry?
    Ans. Hopeful, humble, and devotional.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why is farming described as a partnership between humans and God?
    Ans. Because farmers work hard, but they depend on God’s blessings like rain and sunshine for crops to grow.

    Q2. What message does the poem give us?
    Ans. To respect nature, be grateful, and pray for balance in the environment.

    Q3. How does the poem highlight the link between nature and human life?
    Ans. By showing that human survival depends on fields, rain, and natural forces.

    Q4. Why is Sarojini Naidu called the “Nightingale of India”?
    Ans. Because of her melodious, lyrical poetry expressing deep emotions about nature, patriotism, and life.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Hymn → Prayer, song

    • Harvest → Yield, crops

    • Bless → Protect, favour

    • Earth → Soil, land

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Golden × Pale

    • Hope × Despair

    • Calm × Storm

    • Life × Death

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a short prayer thanking nature for food.

    Ans.
    “O God of nature, we thank you for the sun that shines, the rain that falls, and the soil that gives us food. Bless the farmers who work hard and protect our fields from harm. May all people share the harvest with joy and gratitude.”

    Summary of the Poem

    Harvest Hymn by Sarojini Naidu is a prayer-poem sung by farmers. They ask God, the “Lord of the harvest,” to bless their crops, protect them from pests and storms, and give them prosperity. The poem uses beautiful images of fields, sunshine, and rain. It reflects the farmers’ humility, gratitude, and dependence on nature. The central message is that human life depends on nature’s blessings, and we should live with gratitude and devotion.

    Lesson 3: Waiting for the Rain – Kamakshi Balasubramanian

    Before the Text

    Q1. How do people feel when it doesn’t rain for a long time?
    Ans. They feel worried, helpless, and anxious because crops, animals, and daily life suffer.

    Q2. Why is rain so important in villages?
    Ans. Because it provides water for farming, drinking, and daily use—villages mostly depend on rainfall.

    Q3. Have you experienced the first rain of the season? How does it feel?
    Ans. Yes, it feels refreshing, joyful, and fills the air with a pleasant smell of wet earth.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Where does this story take place?
    Ans. In a village suffering from drought.

    Q2. Who is the main character?
    Ans. A boy named Arjun, who lives with his family.

    Q3. What were the villagers waiting for?
    Ans. They were waiting desperately for rain to save their crops and lives.

    Q4. How did drought affect the people?
    Ans. Wells dried up, crops failed, cattle starved, and people became restless.

    Q5. How did Arjun’s family respond to the drought?
    Ans. They worried about survival but tried to remain hopeful for rain.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why did Arjun’s father look up at the sky so often?
    Ans. To check for rain clouds with hope and anxiety.

    Q2. What did the parched land symbolise?
    Ans. Helplessness of farmers and the dependence on rain.

    Q3. What values are shown in the villagers’ behaviour?
    Ans. Patience, endurance, and unity in suffering.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What was the change when the first drops fell?
    Ans. The dry earth smelled sweet, people danced with joy, and nature looked alive again.

    Q2. How did the rain bring relief?
    Ans. It filled tanks and wells, revived crops, and gave hope to the villagers.

    Q3. What does the arrival of rain symbolise?
    Ans. New life, hope, and the cycle of renewal in nature.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why were the villagers desperate for rain?
    Ans. Because without rain they had no water for crops, animals, or daily needs.

    Q2. How did the drought affect children like Arjun?
    Ans. They felt anxious, hungry, and watched their parents’ struggles with fear.

    Q3. What was the mood of the village before and after the rain?
    Ans. Before → tense, hopeless, and silent.
    After → joyful, lively, and full of celebration.

    Q4. What lesson do we learn from the villagers’ experience?
    Ans. To value water, use it carefully, and respect nature’s role in our survival.

    Q5. How is this story related to “Environment”?
    Ans. It shows human dependence on rain, the dangers of drought, and the importance of conserving water.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Parched → Dry

    • Drought → Lack of rain

    • Relief → Comfort

    • Joy → Happiness

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Wet × Dry

    • Full × Empty

    • Hope × Despair

    • Alive × Dead

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a diary entry as Arjun on the day the rain came.

    Ans.
    Dear Diary,
    Today was the happiest day of my life! After so many weeks of waiting, dark clouds covered the sky. Suddenly, drops of rain fell, and the earth smelled wonderful. Everyone in the village came out—some danced, some prayed, all were smiling. Wells are filling again, and our crops will grow. The rain has given us new hope.
    – Arjun

    📚 Summary of the Story

    Waiting for the Rain by Kamakshi Balasubramanian describes life in a drought-hit village through the eyes of a boy, Arjun. The villagers wait anxiously as their crops and cattle suffer. The parched earth reflects their despair. Finally, when the rain arrives, it transforms the scene into joy, relief, and celebration. The story highlights the importance of water and teaches us to value nature, conserve resources, and live with patience and hope.

  • Unit – 3, Class 8th English, Poorvi, NCERT

    Lesson 1: The Case of the Fifth Word

    (Adapted from Donald J. Sobol’s Encyclopedia Brown stories)

    Before the Text

    Q1. Do you like detective stories? Why/Why not?
    Ans. Yes, because they are full of suspense, puzzles, and clever solutions.

    Q2. What qualities should a good detective have?
    Ans. Sharp observation, logical thinking, patience, courage, and honesty.

    Q3. Can children be detectives? Give reasons.
    Ans. Yes, because children are curious, observant, and sometimes notice details adults miss.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Who was Encyclopedia Brown?
    Ans. A young boy detective, son of the police chief, who solved mysteries using logic and keen observation.

    Q2. What was the mystery in this story?
    Ans. Bugs Meany accused Willy Armstrong of cheating in a contest by using five words instead of four in his slogan.

    Q3. What was the contest about?
    Ans. A supermarket contest where participants had to complete the slogan:
    “Supermarket prices are low. You get more at …” in four words only.

    Q4. What did Willy write?
    Ans. “Supermarket prices are low. You get more at Supermart, not at a competitor.”

    Q5. Why did Bugs say it was five words?
    Ans. Because he claimed “a competitor” counted as two separate words.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why was Bugs angry with Willy?
    Ans. Because Willy had written a better slogan and Bugs wanted to win.

    Q2. What did Bugs demand?
    Ans. That Willy should be disqualified for using five words.

    Q3. How did Encyclopedia Brown solve the puzzle?
    Ans. He explained that “a competitor” was treated as one idea in the contest slogan, so Willy’s answer had only four words.

    Q4. What qualities of Encyclopedia Brown are shown here?
    Ans. Intelligence, logical reasoning, fairness, and confidence.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What was Bugs’ nature?
    Ans. He was quarrelsome, jealous, and always tried to bully others.

    Q2. How did Encyclopedia Brown prove Willy’s slogan was correct?
    Ans. By showing that “a competitor” was not two words but a single idea, making the total four words.

    Q3. Why is the story titled “The Case of the Fifth Word”?
    Ans. Because the whole mystery revolved around whether Willy had used a fifth word or not.

    Q4. What values can we learn from Encyclopedia Brown?
    Ans. To think carefully, be fair, and solve problems with logic instead of anger.

    Q5. What lesson do we learn from this case?
    Ans. That truth and reasoning win over bullying and dishonesty.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Quarrel → Argument

    • Competitor → Rival

    • Mystery → Puzzle

    • Idea → Thought

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Fair × Unfair

    • Angry × Calm

    • Win × Lose

    • Friend × Enemy

    Writing Task

    Q. Imagine you are Encyclopedia Brown. Write a diary entry about how you solved the case.

    Ans.
    Dear Diary,
    Today Bugs tried to bully Willy Armstrong at the supermarket contest. He claimed Willy used five words instead of four. Everyone was confused, but I read the slogan carefully. I noticed that “a competitor” was one idea, not two words. I explained it clearly, and Willy was proved right. Once again, logic and fairness solved the mystery!
    – Encyclopedia

    Summary of the Story

    The Case of the Fifth Word is a detective story about Encyclopedia Brown, a boy detective. In a supermarket contest, Bugs Meany accused Willy Armstrong of cheating by using five words in his slogan instead of four. Encyclopedia Brown carefully examined the slogan and explained that “a competitor” was one idea, so the answer had only four words. Willy was declared correct, and Bugs was defeated. The story teaches us that wit, reasoning, and honesty can solve problems and overcome dishonesty.

    Lesson 2: The Magic Brush of Dreams

    Before the Text

    Q1. Do you like stories or poems about magic? Why?
    Ans. Yes, because they make us imagine wonderful possibilities beyond ordinary life.

    Q2. What would you create if you had a magic brush?
    Ans. (Example:) I would paint a library that never ends, or food for all hungry people.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. What is the central idea of the poem?
    Ans. That imagination is powerful and can create magical worlds through dreams and art.

    Q2. What is the “magic brush of dreams”?
    Ans. It is a symbol of creativity and imagination that can bring to life whatever one imagines.

    Q3. How does the poet describe the magic brush?
    Ans. As a tool that paints wishes into reality—palaces, gardens, rivers, and adventures.

    Q4. Why does the poet mix dreams with reality?
    Ans. To show that creativity can transform life and that all great achievements begin as dreams.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. What does the brush paint first?
    Ans. It paints beautiful scenes like flowers, gardens, and palaces.

    Q2. Why is this magical?
    Ans. Because ordinary strokes create extraordinary things that normally cannot appear instantly.

    Q3. What does this tell us about imagination?
    Ans. Imagination can make life colourful and limitless.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What happens when the brush paints adventures?
    Ans. It creates rivers, ships, and journeys that take the dreamer to new places.

    Q2. What feelings do these images create?
    Ans. Wonder, excitement, and joy of exploration.

    Q3. Why does the poet use rich imagery?
    Ans. To help readers see, feel, and enjoy the magic in their own imagination.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What is the main message of the poem?
    Ans. Creativity and imagination are like a magic brush that can change the world.

    Q2. What values does the poem teach us?
    Ans. To dream big, be creative, and use imagination for good purposes.

    Q3. How is this poem an example of “mystery and magic”?
    Ans. Because it describes magical powers of painting dreams into reality.

    Q4. Why do children enjoy such poems?
    Ans. Because they spark imagination and make the impossible seem possible.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Magic → Enchantment

    • Dream → Vision

    • Paint → Colour, depict

    • Create → Build, form

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Real × Imaginary

    • Dull × Bright

    • Ordinary × Extraordinary

    • Limited × Unlimited

    Writing Task

    Q. Imagine you had a magic brush. Write 4–5 sentences about what you would paint.

    Ans.
    If I had a magic brush, I would paint food for all hungry people in the world. I would create schools in every village so that all children could study. I would draw forests full of animals and rivers full of clean water. My brush would make the earth a happy and beautiful place.

    Summary of the Poem

    The Magic Brush of Dreams is a poem that celebrates imagination. It describes a magical brush that paints not just objects but also wishes, adventures, and dreams. The poet shows how creativity can bring joy, colour, and wonder to life. The poem conveys that imagination is powerful, and with creativity we can shape a brighter future.

    Lesson 3: Spectacular Wonders

    Before the Text

    Q1. What comes to your mind when you hear the word “wonder”?
    Ans. Something rare, extraordinary, or breathtaking like the Taj Mahal or the Grand Canyon.

    Q2. What wonders of nature have you seen?
    Ans. (Example:) Waterfalls, caves, mountain ranges, or coral reefs.

    Q3. Why are such wonders important?
    Ans. Because they inspire awe, attract visitors, and remind us of nature’s power and beauty.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Which natural wonders are described in the lesson?
    Ans.

    1. Living Root Bridges of Meghalaya

    2. Marble Rocks of Bhedaghat, Madhya Pradesh

    3. Borra Caves of Andhra Pradesh

    4. Loktak Lake in Manipur

    Q2. What makes the Living Root Bridges special?
    Ans. They are made naturally from roots of rubber trees, shaped by people over centuries.

    Q3. Why are the Marble Rocks unique?
    Ans. Because the river Narmada has cut through marble cliffs, making white shining rocks and waterfalls.

    Q4. What is mysterious about the Borra Caves?
    Ans. The limestone caves have strange shapes of stalactites and stalagmites that look like animals, gods, and objects.

    Q5. Why is Loktak Lake important?
    Ans. It is famous for its floating islands (phumdis) and as the habitat of the rare Sangai deer.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. How do the people of Meghalaya use the root bridges?
    Ans. They use them as natural pathways across rivers and streams.

    Q2. What does this show about their relationship with nature?
    Ans. It shows harmony, patience, and respect for nature.

    Q3. What values can we learn from this?
    Ans. Sustainable living and creativity in using natural resources.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What sights make the Marble Rocks magical?
    Ans. The gleaming white rocks, tall cliffs, and the Dhuandhar waterfall.

    Q2. Why do people find them mysterious at night?
    Ans. Because moonlight makes the rocks glow, creating an enchanting view.

    Extract 3

    Q1. How are stalactites and stalagmites formed?
    Ans. By deposition of minerals from dripping water over thousands of years.

    Q2. Why do visitors see shapes in them?
    Ans. Because their natural forms resemble animals, humans, and divine figures.

    Extract 4

    Q1. What are phumdis?
    Ans. Floating islands of vegetation on Loktak Lake.

    Q2. Why is the Sangai deer special?
    Ans. It is rare, endangered, and found only in Manipur.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What makes India a land of spectacular wonders?
    Ans. Its unique geography with caves, rivers, lakes, and natural marvels.

    Q2. How do such wonders attract tourism?
    Ans. Visitors come to see their beauty and mystery, boosting local culture and economy.

    Q3. Why should we preserve these natural wonders?
    Ans. To protect biodiversity, maintain ecological balance, and keep heritage alive for future generations.

    Q4. Which wonder would you like to visit and why?
    Ans. (Example:) Loktak Lake, because floating islands and rare animals sound magical.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Wonder → Marvel

    • Rare → Unique

    • Preserve → Protect

    • Mystery → Secret

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Natural × Artificial

    • Strong × Weak

    • Ancient × Modern

    • Safe × Unsafe

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a short paragraph on “Why we must preserve natural wonders.”
    Ans. Natural wonders are treasures of our planet. They show the creativity of nature and give us joy. They also support biodiversity and help tourism. If we damage them, we lose beauty, history, and balance in the environment. Therefore, it is our duty to protect and preserve them.

    Summary of the Lesson

    Spectacular Wonders introduces some of India’s natural marvels: the Living Root Bridges of Meghalaya, the Marble Rocks of Bhedaghat, the Borra Caves, and Loktak Lake of Manipur. Each of these places combines beauty, mystery, and cultural importance. The lesson teaches us that India’s landscapes are magical, and we must protect them. It highlights values of sustainability, respect for nature, and wonder at creation.

  • Unit – 2, Class 8th English, Poorvi, NCERT

    Lesson 1: A Tale of Valour – Major Somnath Sharma

    Before the Text

    Q1. What do you think about the Republic Day Parade on 26 January?
    Ans. It is a grand celebration that showcases India’s cultural diversity, military strength, and unity.

    Q2. What are the highlights of this parade?
    Ans. Tableaux from states, school performances, bravery awards, and the display of armed forces.

    Q3. What bravery awards are given on this day, and who receives them?
    Ans. Gallantry awards such as Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, and Vir Chakra are awarded to soldiers for acts of extraordinary bravery.

    Q4. What qualities should a soldier have?
    Ans. Courage, discipline, loyalty, patriotism, self-sacrifice, and determination.

    Q5. If you had to share a message with a soldier, what would it be?
    Ans. “We are safe because of your courage. Your sacrifice inspires us to serve the nation in our own way.”

    Let Us Discuss (Pg. 59)

    Q. Arrange the following events in chronological order:

    1. Major Somnath Sharma was born in 1923 in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.

    2. He trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

    3. Commissioned into the 19th Hyderabad Regiment in 1942.

    4. D Company, under his command, was flown into Srinagar.

    5. Requested air strikes at Badgam.

    6. Killed by a mortar shell in the battle.

    7. Soldiers continued fighting even after his death to save Srinagar.

    8. He was awarded the first Param Vir Chakra.

    Let Us Think and Reflect (Pg. 60–61)

    Extract 1
    (i) Inference → B. There was intense fighting on the battlefield.
    (ii) He continued to lead because → he wanted to inspire his men and protect Srinagar.
    (iii) Assertion–Reason → A. Both are true, and (R) explains (A).
    (iv) Fill word → injuries.

    Extract 2
    (i) Early influences → C. His family and heritage inspired his bravery and duty.
    (ii) True/False → False (not mentioned he was wealthy).
    (iii) Phrase meaning → He performed duties with dedication, honour, and excellence.
    (iv) Word for “visually charming” → picturesque.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What is the significance of “forever alive, forever alive”?
    Ans. The repetition emphasizes that Major Somnath’s courage will never be forgotten.

    Q2. Why was his leadership critical during the Battle of Badgam?
    Ans. His courage, planning, and orders motivated his men to resist until reinforcements arrived.

    Q3. What were his last words? What do they show?
    Ans. “I shall not withdraw an inch but will fight to the last man and the last round.”
    They reflect his unshakable duty, bravery, and sacrifice.

    Q4. What might have happened if his company had not held ground?
    Ans. The enemy would have captured Srinagar airport and Kashmir, changing history.

    Q5. Why does his story inspire us even today?
    Ans. Because it shows how selflessness and courage can save a nation.

    Q6. How can his values apply to our lives?
    Ans. By being brave in difficulties, performing our duty sincerely, and making sacrifices for others.

    Lesson 2: Somebody’s Mother – Mary Dow Brine

    Before the Text

    Q1. What do you do when you see an old person struggling to cross the road?
    Ans. I try to help them cross safely or stop vehicles until they cross.

    Q2. Why should we show respect to elders?
    Ans. Because they have experience, wisdom, and deserve care and dignity.

    Q3. What values do we learn from helping elders?
    Ans. Kindness, empathy, responsibility, and humanity.

    Let Us Discuss (Pg. 67)

    Q1. How did the woman look?
    Ans. Old, poor, weak, with tattered clothes and anxious eyes.

    Q2. Why was she afraid to cross?
    Ans. Because the road was crowded and slippery, and she was too frail to walk quickly.

    Q3. How did the schoolboy help her?
    Ans. He offered his arm and carefully guided her across the busy road.

    Q4. How did the crowd react?
    Ans. They just watched but did not help; only the boy stepped forward.

    Q5. What did the boy think after helping her?
    Ans. That someone would help his own mother in her old age, just as he helped this woman.

    Let Us Think and Reflect (Pg. 68–69)

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why did the old woman wait?
    Ans. Because she was scared of falling or being hurt on the crowded road.

    Q2. What was the crowd doing?
    Ans. People were rushing by but nobody stopped to help her.

    Q3. What qualities of the woman are shown here?
    Ans. Patience, helplessness, and fear.

    Q4. What do we learn from this situation?
    Ans. That we should be aware of others’ needs and show kindness without waiting for others to act.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What did the boy do for the old woman?
    Ans. He took her hand and led her safely across the road.

    Q2. What thought comforted him?
    Ans. That someone would show the same kindness to his own mother when she needed help.

    Q3. What is the message of the poem?
    Ans. That small acts of kindness can make a big difference and will come back to us in the future.

    Q4. What quality of the boy do you admire?
    Ans. His compassion, selflessness, and respect for elders.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why is the poem called “Somebody’s Mother”?
    Ans. Because the old woman, though poor and unknown, was precious to someone as a mother.

    Q2. Why did others ignore the old woman?
    Ans. They were too busy and indifferent to notice her need.

    Q3. How does the poem highlight the contrast between the crowd and the boy?
    Ans. The crowd was indifferent, but the boy was kind and thoughtful.

    Q4. What values does the poem teach us?
    Ans. Compassion, respect for elders, empathy, and humanity.

    Q5. How can we practice this lesson in our daily life?
    Ans. By helping the needy, respecting elders, and offering kindness without expecting rewards.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Pick synonyms:

    • Poor → Needy, destitute

    • Afraid → Scared, fearful

    • Help → Assist, aid

    • Old → Aged, elderly

    Q2. Write antonyms:

    • Kind × Cruel

    • Weak × Strong

    • Safe × Unsafe

    • Rich × Poor

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a paragraph on the importance of small acts of kindness.
    Ans. Small acts of kindness make the world a better place. Helping an old person, comforting a friend, or sharing with the needy are simple actions but have deep impact. Kindness not only helps others but also brings peace and happiness to us. As shown in the poem, the boy’s small act of helping an old woman became a great lesson in humanity.

    Summary of the Poem

    Somebody’s Mother by Mary Dow Brine is about a poor old woman waiting to cross a busy road. The crowd ignores her, but one schoolboy helps her cross safely. The boy feels comforted, believing someone will help his own mother in the future. The poem conveys the values of compassion, empathy, and respect for elders, showing that even small acts of kindness are noble and timeless.

    Lesson 3: I Too Had a Dream – Verghese Kurien

    Before the Text

    Q1. Do you drink milk every day? Why is it important?
    Ans. Yes, milk gives us protein, calcium, and energy. It helps in growth and keeps our bones strong.

    Q2. What do you know about “Operation Flood”?
    Ans. It was a dairy development programme started in India to increase milk production and make India the largest producer of milk in the world.

    Q3. What qualities are needed for a person to serve society?
    Ans. Honesty, dedication, hard work, and a vision to improve people’s lives.

    Let Us Discuss (Pg. 77–78)

    Q1. What did Verghese Kurien study abroad?
    Ans. He studied mechanical engineering and dairy engineering.

    Q2. Why did he want to leave Anand at first?
    Ans. Because he was sent there for a government job but didn’t like the small town.

    Q3. Who convinced him to stay in Anand?
    Ans. Tribhuvandas Patel, a freedom fighter and farmer leader.

    Q4. What was the situation of farmers before the milk cooperative?
    Ans. Farmers were exploited by middlemen and got very little money for their milk.

    Q5. What change came after the cooperative movement?
    Ans. Farmers began selling milk directly through cooperatives, earning fair prices and improving their lives.

    Let Us Think and Reflect (Pg. 79–80)

    Extract 1

    Q1. What made Kurien stay back in Anand?
    Ans. The trust of farmers and the chance to serve them motivated him to stay.

    Q2. What values guided his decision?
    Ans. Service, compassion, and social responsibility.

    Q3. What does the phrase “white revolution” mean?
    Ans. It refers to the increase in milk production and self-sufficiency in India’s dairy sector.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What was Kurien’s vision for India?
    Ans. To empower farmers, make India self-sufficient in milk, and uplift rural communities.

    Q2. What role did farmers play in this success?
    Ans. Farmers united under cooperatives, worked together, and became owners of the dairy movement.

    Q3. What is the tone of the passage?
    Ans. Inspiring and hopeful.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why is Verghese Kurien called the “Father of the White Revolution”?
    Ans. Because he led India’s milk cooperative movement and made India the world’s largest producer of milk.

    Q2. How did Amul become successful?
    Ans. By uniting farmers under cooperatives, eliminating middlemen, and ensuring quality milk products.

    Q3. What values can we learn from Kurien’s life?
    Ans. Dedication, service to society, leadership, and belief in the power of cooperation.

    Q4. What might have happened if he had left Anand?
    Ans. The cooperative movement would have failed, and farmers would have remained poor and exploited.

    Q5. How can students apply Kurien’s example in their own lives?
    Ans. By working hard, being honest, and using their knowledge to help society.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Synonyms:

    • Exploit → misuse, take advantage

    • Cooperative → teamwork, association

    • Vision → dream, goal

    • Empower → strengthen, enable

    Q2. Antonyms:

    • Success × Failure

    • Unite × Divide

    • Rich × Poor

    • Rural × Urban

    Writing Task

    Q. Write a short paragraph on “Why cooperation is important in society.”
    Ans. Cooperation is the key to progress. When people work together, they can solve bigger problems. Just like farmers in Amul united to fight exploitation, cooperation in families, schools, and communities helps achieve goals faster and better. It teaches teamwork, equality, and collective responsibility.

    Summary of the Lesson

    I Too Had a Dream is the story of Verghese Kurien, the Father of the White Revolution. After studying abroad, he came to Anand reluctantly but was persuaded to stay by Tribhuvandas Patel. Seeing the exploitation of farmers, Kurien devoted his life to building cooperatives like Amul. This brought fair prices, empowered farmers, and made India the world’s largest milk producer. His life teaches us that dedication, cooperation, and service to society can transform a nation.

  • Unit – 1, Class 8th English, Poorvi, NCERT

    Lesson 1: The Wit that Won Hearts

    Before the Text

    Q1. Who was Krishnadeva Raya?
    Ans. He was a famous emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire in South India, known for his justice, bravery, and encouragement of art and learning.

    Q2. Who was Tenali Rama?
    Ans. He was a witty poet and advisor in Krishnadeva Raya’s court, known for his intelligence, humour, and presence of mind.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Why did the king of Vijayanagara hold court every day?
    Ans. To discuss matters of state, hear grievances, and take advice from his courtiers.

    Q2. Why did the court become dull sometimes?
    Ans. Because most ministers gave the same kind of answers and only flattered the king instead of being original.

    Q3. How did Tenali Rama make the court lively?
    Ans. With his wit, humour, and clever remarks, which entertained the king and taught lessons at the same time.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. Why was the king not amused by the courtiers?
    Ans. Because their words were repetitive, insincere, and boring.

    Q2. What did Tenali Rama do differently?
    Ans. He spoke with wit, wisdom, and humour, which impressed everyone.

    Q3. What does the phrase “win hearts” mean here?
    Ans. To gain admiration, love, and respect of others.

    Extract 2

    Q1. How did the courtiers feel about Tenali Rama?
    Ans. Some admired him, but many were jealous because the king appreciated him most.

    Q2. Why did the king value Tenali Rama?
    Ans. Because he was bold, intelligent, and made even serious matters easy through humour.

    Q3. Which quality of Tenali Rama do you like the most? Why?
    Ans. (Personal – Example:) His quick wit, because he could solve problems smartly and make people laugh at the same time.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What was special about Tenali Rama’s wit?
    Ans. It was not only funny but also wise, giving lessons in justice and common sense.

    Q2. How did Tenali Rama “win hearts”?
    Ans. By entertaining the king and courtiers, solving problems cleverly, and teaching lessons through humour.

    Q3. Why did some courtiers dislike Tenali Rama?
    Ans. Because they were jealous of the attention and rewards he received from the king.

    Q4. What lesson do we learn from Tenali Rama’s life?
    Ans. That wit and wisdom are more powerful than flattery, and honesty with intelligence always wins.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Pick synonyms for ‘wit’ from the lesson.
    Ans. Humour, intelligence, cleverness.

    Q2. Write antonyms of:

    • Amused × Bored

    • Bold × Timid

    • Wise × Foolish

    • Friend × Enemy

    Writing Task

    Q1. Write a short paragraph on why wit is important in life.
    Ans. Wit is important because it helps us face challenges with intelligence and humour. A witty person can solve problems quickly, avoid conflicts, and make others happy. Wit is not just about being funny but also about being wise and practical.

    Summary of the Lesson

    The Wit that Won Hearts is about Tenali Rama, a witty courtier in the court of Krishnadeva Raya. While other courtiers only flattered the king, Tenali Rama used his cleverness and humour to entertain and teach lessons. The king valued him because he made the court lively, solved problems wisely, and “won the hearts” of people. The story highlights that intelligence combined with humour is more powerful than flattery or empty praise.

    Lesson 2: A Concrete Example – Reginald Arkell

    Before the Text

    Q1. What does the word ‘concrete’ mean in the title?
    Ans. It has two meanings – (i) building material, and (ii) something real and solid, not just an idea. The poet uses it humorously with both meanings.

    Q2. What do you think the poem is about?
    Ans. About a man who fell on concrete and became a “concrete example” for others.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. What happened to the man in the poem?
    Ans. He slipped and fell on the hard concrete road.

    Q2. Why did people call him a “concrete example”?
    Ans. Because he fell on concrete and became a real-life example of carelessness.

    Q3. How is humour created in the poem?
    Ans. Through the pun on the word “concrete,” light tone, and exaggeration of a simple fall.

    Q4. Why do you think the poet wrote such a short and simple poem?
    Ans. To give a quick humorous lesson that carelessness leads to accidents.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. What does “this is a concrete example” mean?
    Ans. It means both literally (falling on concrete) and figuratively (a lesson for others).

    Q2. Why do you think the poet used very simple words?
    Ans. To make the humour clear and easy for everyone to understand.

    Q3. What is the tone of the poem?
    Ans. Light, humorous, and playful.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. What is the central idea of the poem?
    Ans. Carelessness can lead to accidents, and we can learn lessons even from small incidents.

    Q2. What is the pun in the poem?
    Ans. The word “concrete” is used both as a noun (the road surface) and as an adjective (a real example).

    Q3. How does the poem show wit?
    Ans. By using wordplay and humour to turn a simple accident into a funny lesson.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Write synonyms of ‘example’.
    Ans. Model, illustration, case, instance.

    Q2. Write antonyms of:

    • Careless × Careful

    • Hard × Soft

    • Fall × Rise

    • Real × Imaginary

    Writing Task

    Q1. Write two humorous lines like the poem, using wordplay.
    Ans.

    1. He burned his tongue on hot soup, a spicy example of impatience.

    2. She tripped on the stairs, a stepping example of carelessness.

    Summary of the Poem

    A Concrete Example is a short humorous poem by Reginald Arkell. It describes a careless man who slipped and fell on a concrete road. The poet cleverly plays on the word “concrete” – the man fell on concrete and also became a real-life “concrete example” of carelessness. With wit and humour, the poem teaches us to be careful and shows how even small incidents can be lessons.

    Lesson 3: Wisdom Paves the Way – Play (The Four Young Men and the King of Ujjain)

    Before the Text

    Q1. What do you mean by wisdom?
    Ans. Wisdom is the ability to use knowledge, experience, and good judgment to make the right decisions.

    Q2. How is wisdom different from knowledge?
    Ans. Knowledge is information or facts; wisdom is knowing how to use that knowledge wisely in life.

    Let Us Discuss

    Q1. Who were the four young men?
    Ans. They were poor but ambitious Brahmin youths who wanted to learn special skills to improve their lives.

    Q2. What did they learn?
    Ans. Three of them mastered sciences like creating life and using powers, while the fourth one was wise though less educated.

    Q3. Why did they set out to show their learning?
    Ans. To prove their knowledge, gain recognition, and use their skills.

    Q4. What happened in the forest?
    Ans. The three learned men decided to test their powers on the bones of a dead lion.

    Let Us Think and Reflect

    Extract 1

    Q1. What was the first man’s contribution?
    Ans. He collected the bones and arranged them properly.

    Q2. What did the second man do?
    Ans. He used his science to add flesh and skin to the bones.

    Q3. What was the third man about to do?
    Ans. He wanted to bring the lion back to life.

    Q4. Why did the fourth man stop them?
    Ans. Because he was wise enough to see the danger in reviving a lion.

    Extract 2

    Q1. What did the wise man do while the others worked?
    Ans. He quickly climbed up a tree to save himself from danger.

    Q2. What happened when the lion came to life?
    Ans. The lion killed the three foolish men.

    Q3. What lesson does the play teach?
    Ans. That wisdom is more important than mere knowledge or skill.

    Comprehension Questions

    Q1. Why did the three young men lack wisdom?
    Ans. Because they were blinded by pride in their knowledge and didn’t think of consequences.

    Q2. How did the fourth young man show wisdom?
    Ans. By warning the others and saving himself by climbing the tree.

    Q3. What is the main difference between knowledge and wisdom in the story?
    Ans. Knowledge helped create life, but wisdom prevented foolish actions and saved a life.

    Q4. Why is the play called “Wisdom Paves the Way”?
    Ans. Because wisdom guided the fourth man safely while the others perished due to lack of it.

    Vocabulary & Language Work

    Q1. Find antonyms:

    • Wise × Foolish

    • Alive × Dead

    • Friend × Enemy

    • Safe × Unsafe

    Q2. Fill in blanks with correct words:

    1. The students were full of pride in their knowledge.

    2. Only wisdom can prevent misuse of power.

    3. He quickly climbed up the tree.

    4. The lion killed the three men.

    Writing Task

    Q1. Write a short paragraph on why wisdom is more valuable than knowledge.
    Ans. Wisdom is more valuable than knowledge because knowledge gives us power, but wisdom tells us how to use that power rightly. Without wisdom, knowledge can be dangerous, as shown in the story where three learned men lost their lives, but the wise man survived.

    Summary of the Play

    Wisdom Paves the Way is a play about four young Brahmins. Three of them had great knowledge of sciences but no wisdom, while the fourth had little learning but much wisdom. To test their skills, the three tried to bring a dead lion back to life. The wise man warned them but was ignored. As the lion came alive, it killed the three, but the wise man saved himself by climbing a tree. The play teaches that knowledge without wisdom is dangerous, and true wisdom is the path to safety and success.