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Question 4. What are High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds?
High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds are specially developed seeds that produce a much higher output per hectarecompared to traditional seeds.
In simple words:
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They are scientifically improved seeds
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Give more yield, especially of crops like wheat and rice
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Need adequate irrigation, fertilisers, and pesticides to work effectively
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Were a key factor behind India’s Green Revolution
These seeds helped break the stagnation in Indian agriculture and played a major role in making India self-sufficient in food grains during the post-independence period (especially from the mid-1960s onwards)
In short, High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds are scientifically developed seeds that produce a much higher output per hectare compared to traditional seeds. They require adequate irrigation, fertilisers and pesticides and were a major factor behind the Green Revolution in India, helping the country achieve self-sufficiency in food grains.
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EXTRA DRILLING
Short Note: Advantages and Limitations of HYV Seeds
Advantages
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Significantly increase agricultural productivity
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Help in achieving food security and self-sufficiency
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Contributed to the success of the Green Revolution
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Increased marketable surplus of food grains
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Improved farmers’ incomes in irrigated regions
Limitations
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Require heavy use of irrigation, fertilisers and pesticides
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Not suitable for rain-fed and drought-prone areas
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Initially benefited mainly large and affluent farmers
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Higher vulnerability to pests and diseases
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Can increase inequality if state support is absent