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Tag: Unit-10 India’s Foreign Policy

  • UGC NET Political Science Unit-10 India’s Foreign Policy – Top Questions

     

     

    Q1. Non-Aligned Movement was formally founded at—

    1. Bandung, 1955

    2. Belgrade, 1961

    3. Cairo, 1964

    4. Havana, 1979

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: NAM emerged during the Cold War to protect autonomy from military blocs.

    Q2. Panchsheel Agreement was signed between India and—

    1. USA

    2. USSR

    3. China

    4. Sri Lanka

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were signed by Nehru & Zhou Enlai in 1954.

    Q3. Which country is NOT a member of SAARC?

    1. India

    2. China

    3. Nepal

    4. Bangladesh

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: China is not a member; SAARC includes 8 South Asian countries.

    Q4. Look East Policy (later Act East Policy) was initiated to strengthen ties with—

    1. European Union

    2. ASEAN and East Asia

    3. Middle East

    4. South America

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: Enhances connectivity, trade & strategic partnerships with Asian economies.

    Q5. India conducted its first nuclear test in—

    1. 1964

    2. 1974

    3. 1991

    4. 1998

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: Pokhran-I, codename Smiling Buddha.

    Q6. India’s second nuclear test series (Pokhran-II) was conducted in—

    1. 1984

    2. 1991

    3. 1998

    4. 2000

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Tested nuclear capability for strategic deterrence.

    Q7. Which principle is NOT a part of Panchsheel?

    1. Peaceful co-existence

    2. Mutual respect for territorial integrity

    3. Non-interference in internal affairs

    4. Collective security

    Answer: 4
    Explanation: Collective security is related to the UN system and military alliances.

    Q8. India’s nuclear doctrine is based on—

    1. First Strike

    2. Massive retaliation without warning

    3. No First Use

    4. Limited strike capability only

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: India maintains NFU with credible minimum deterrence.

    Q9. Which of the following organizations includes India, Brazil, Russia, China & South Africa?

    1. SCO

    2. BRICS

    3. QUAD

    4. ASEAN

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: BRICS is a major platform for South–South cooperation.

    Q10. The QUAD grouping consists of—

    1. India, China, Japan, USA

    2. India, Russia, Japan, USA

    3. India, USA, Japan, Australia

    4. India, UK, USA, Japan

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: QUAD focuses on Indo-Pacific strategic cooperation.

    Assertion – Reason

    Q11

    Assertion (A): Non-Alignment allowed India to preserve strategic autonomy during the Cold War.
    Reason (R): India refused to join military alliances like NATO & SEATO.

    Answer: A & R both true, R explains A

    Q12

    Assertion (A): India’s foreign policy increasingly focuses on economic diplomacy.
    Reason (R): Globalization has linked economic growth to international partnerships.

    Answer: A & R both true, R explains A

    Match the Following

    Q13

    List I List II
    A. Nehru 1. Non-Alignment
    B. Manmohan Singh 2. Economic diplomacy
    C. Modi

     

    3. Act East & Neighbourhood First
    D. Vajpayee 4. Nuclear Tests – 1998

    Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

    Q14

    List I (Organization) List II
    A. BIMSTEC 1. Bay of Bengal cooperation
    B. SCO

     

    2. Eurasian security cooperation
    C. Quad 3. Indo-Pacific coalition
    D. BRICS 4. Emerging economies

    Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

    Short Notes 

    1. Determinants of India’s Foreign Policy

    • Geography — Himalayas, Indian Ocean region

    • History — colonial experience

    • Leadership — Nehru, Indira, Vajpayee, Modi etc.

    • Economic priorities

    • Security concerns — China, Pakistan, terrorism

    2. Key Principles

    Principle Description
    Non-alignment Autonomy from power blocs
    Panchsheel

     

    Peaceful coexistence
    Peace & diplomacy Dialogue over conflict
    Strategic autonomy

     

    Independent decision-making

    3. Major Foreign Policy Doctrines

    • Indira Doctrine

    • Gujral Doctrine

    • Act East

    • Neighbourhood First

    • Indian Ocean Strategy & SAGAR vision

    4. India & Major Powers

    Country Nature of Relations
    USA Strategic & technological partner
    Russia

     

    Defence cooperation
    China

     

    Cooperation + rivalry
    Japan Economic & Indo-Pacific partner

    5. India & Regional Cooperation

    • BRICS, SCO, QUAD, BIMSTEC, SAARC, ASEAN

    • Promotes multipolarity & regional stability

    6. Soft Power

    • Culture, Yoga, Bollywood, Diaspora diplomacy