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Tag: Unit 7 — Political Processes in India

  • UGC NET Political Science Unit 7 — Political Processes in India – Top Questions

    Q1. The Anti-Defection Law is contained in which Schedule of the Constitution?

    1. 8th Schedule

    2. 9th Schedule

    3. 10th Schedule

    4. 12th Schedule

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Added through the 52nd Constitutional Amendment (1985) to prevent political defections.

    Q2. Who described the Indian party system as a “Congress system”?

    1. Rajni Kothari

    2. Yogendra Yadav

    3. Rudolph & Rudolph

    4. Morris Jones

    Answer: 1
    Explanation: Kothari said Congress acted as the dominant system integrating diverse interests.

    Q3. The Model Code of Conduct is issued by—

    1. Supreme Court

    2. Election Commission of India

    3. Home Ministry

    4. Parliament

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: The ECI enforces rules for political parties to conduct free and fair elections.

    Q4. Which social movement is associated with forest conservation?

    1. Narmada Bachao Movement

    2. Chipko Movement

    3. Tebhaga Movement

    4. Bhoodan Movement

    Answer: 2
    Explanation: Began in Uttarakhand where villagers hugged trees to prevent deforestation.

    Q5. LPG reforms in India were formally launched in—

    1. 1969

    2. 1976

    3. 1991

    4. 2000

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Introduced by PM P.V. Narasimha Rao and FM Dr. Manmohan Singh.

    Q6. The Panchayati Raj system became a constitutional system through—

    1. 42nd Amendment

    2. 52nd Amendment

    3. 73rd Amendment

    4. 44th Amendment

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Introduced three-tier PRI structure and reservation for women and SC/ST.

    Q7. Which of the following terms refers to politics based on caste and religious identity mobilization?

    1. Coalition politics

    2. Elite politics

    3. Vote-Bank politics

    4. Interest politics

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Political parties mobilize specific groups for assured electoral support.

    Q8. Regionalism is strongest where—

    1. Development is balanced

    2. Cultural differences are absent

    3. Economic disparities exist

    4. Party competition is weak

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Uneven development creates regional inequalities and demands autonomy.

    Q9. Which of these is NOT a pressure group?

    1. Trade unions

    2. Business associations

    3. Student groups

    4. Election Commission

    Answer: 4
    Explanation: Pressure groups influence policies, but ECI is a constitutional authority.

    Q10. Coalition politics became major in India after—

    1. 1977

    2. 1984

    3. 1989

    4. 1999

    Answer: 3
    Explanation: Decline of one-party dominance led to coalitions from 1989 onward.

    Assertion – Reason

    Q11

    Assertion (A): Identity politics plays a major role in Indian elections.
    Reason (R): Caste, religion and region continue to shape voter behaviour.

    Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
    Explanation: Identity factors influence mobilization, representation and party strategies.

    Q12

    Assertion (A): Liberalization transformed party competition in India.
    Reason (R): Economic reforms created new middle-class interests and regional aspirations.

    Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
    Explanation: Post-1991 politics shifted from ideological to developmental and regional agendas.

    Match the Following

    Q13

    List I (Movement) List II (Leader / Issue)
    A. Chipko 1. Forest Protection
    B. Narmada Bachao 2. Medha Patkar
    C. Bhoodan 3. Vinoba Bhave
    D. RTI Movement 4. Aruna Roy

    Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

    Q14

    List I List II
    A. Pressure Groups 1. Interest articulation
    B. Political Parties 2. Interest aggregation
    C. Social Movements 3. Mass mobilization
    D. Election Commission 4. Electoral regulation

    Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4