Q1. The Anti-Defection Law is contained in which Schedule of the Constitution?
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8th Schedule
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9th Schedule
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10th Schedule
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12th Schedule
Answer: 3
Explanation: Added through the 52nd Constitutional Amendment (1985) to prevent political defections.
Q2. Who described the Indian party system as a “Congress system”?
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Rajni Kothari
-
Yogendra Yadav
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Rudolph & Rudolph
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Morris Jones
Answer: 1
Explanation: Kothari said Congress acted as the dominant system integrating diverse interests.
Q3. The Model Code of Conduct is issued by—
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Supreme Court
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Election Commission of India
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Home Ministry
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Parliament
Answer: 2
Explanation: The ECI enforces rules for political parties to conduct free and fair elections.
Q4. Which social movement is associated with forest conservation?
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Narmada Bachao Movement
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Chipko Movement
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Tebhaga Movement
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Bhoodan Movement
Answer: 2
Explanation: Began in Uttarakhand where villagers hugged trees to prevent deforestation.
Q5. LPG reforms in India were formally launched in—
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1969
-
1976
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1991
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2000
Answer: 3
Explanation: Introduced by PM P.V. Narasimha Rao and FM Dr. Manmohan Singh.
Q6. The Panchayati Raj system became a constitutional system through—
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42nd Amendment
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52nd Amendment
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73rd Amendment
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44th Amendment
Answer: 3
Explanation: Introduced three-tier PRI structure and reservation for women and SC/ST.
Q7. Which of the following terms refers to politics based on caste and religious identity mobilization?
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Coalition politics
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Elite politics
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Vote-Bank politics
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Interest politics
Answer: 3
Explanation: Political parties mobilize specific groups for assured electoral support.
Q8. Regionalism is strongest where—
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Development is balanced
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Cultural differences are absent
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Economic disparities exist
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Party competition is weak
Answer: 3
Explanation: Uneven development creates regional inequalities and demands autonomy.
Q9. Which of these is NOT a pressure group?
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Trade unions
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Business associations
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Student groups
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Election Commission
Answer: 4
Explanation: Pressure groups influence policies, but ECI is a constitutional authority.
Q10. Coalition politics became major in India after—
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1977
-
1984
-
1989
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1999
Answer: 3
Explanation: Decline of one-party dominance led to coalitions from 1989 onward.
Assertion – Reason
Q11
Assertion (A): Identity politics plays a major role in Indian elections.
Reason (R): Caste, religion and region continue to shape voter behaviour.
Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
Explanation: Identity factors influence mobilization, representation and party strategies.
Q12
Assertion (A): Liberalization transformed party competition in India.
Reason (R): Economic reforms created new middle-class interests and regional aspirations.
Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
Explanation: Post-1991 politics shifted from ideological to developmental and regional agendas.
Match the Following
Q13
| List I (Movement) | List II (Leader / Issue) |
|---|---|
| A. Chipko | 1. Forest Protection |
| B. Narmada Bachao | 2. Medha Patkar |
| C. Bhoodan | 3. Vinoba Bhave |
| D. RTI Movement | 4. Aruna Roy |
Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Q14
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| A. Pressure Groups | 1. Interest articulation |
| B. Political Parties | 2. Interest aggregation |
| C. Social Movements | 3. Mass mobilization |
| D. Election Commission | 4. Electoral regulation |
Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4