UGC NET Political Science Unit 4 — Comparative Political Analysis – Top Questions

Q1. Who developed the Structural–Functional approach in Comparative Politics?

1. Easton

2. Almond & Coleman

3. Lasswell

4. Weber

Answer: 2
Explanation: Almond and Coleman used universal functional categories to compare political systems beyond Western focus.

---

Q2. The concept of Political Culture was popularized by—

1. Lasswell

2. Almond & Verba

3. Parsons

4. Lipset

Answer: 2
Explanation: Almond and Verba’s The Civic Culture introduced the idea of orientations of citizens towards politics.

---

Q3. Which theory criticizes modernization theory for reproducing global inequality?

1. Political Development Theory

2. Elite Theory

3. Dependency Theory

4. Democratic Elitism

Answer: 3
Explanation: Dependency theorists argue development in developed nations causes underdevelopment in poorer nations.

---

Q4. Who defined power as the ability to carry out one’s will despite resistance?

1. Lasswell

2. Dahl

3. Weber

4. Easton

Answer: 3
Explanation: Weber’s definition emphasizes domination and authority relations.

---

Q5. The Iron Law of Oligarchy was proposed by—

1. Mosca

2. Michels

3. Pareto

4. Mills

Answer: 2
Explanation: Michels states all organizations, including democratic parties, become controlled by elites.

---

Q6. The term “Political Modernization” is associated with—

1. Huntington

2. Pye

3. Lipset

4. Wallerstein

Answer: 2
Explanation: Pye described modernization as institutional adaptation, secularization and mass participation.

---

Q7. World Systems Theory was propounded by—

1. Andre Gunder Frank

2. Dos Santos

3. Cardoso

4. Wallerstein

Answer: 4
Explanation: Wallerstein explains global capitalism in terms of core, semi-periphery & periphery.

---

Q8. Which thinker gave the theory of “Clash of Civilizations”?

1. Fukuyama

2. Huntington

3. Morgenthau

4. Bull

Answer: 2
Explanation: Huntington argued future conflicts will be cultural rather than ideological.

---

Q9. “End of History” thesis was given by—

1. Marx

2. Fukuyama

3. Huntington

4. Mills

Answer: 2
Explanation: Fukuyama predicted triumph of liberal democracy after the Cold War.

---

Q10. Which regime type emphasizes centralized personal rule and loyalty networks?

1. Liberal Democracy

2. Patrimonialism

3. Majoritarian Democracy

4. Participatory Democracy

Answer: 2
Explanation: Patrimonial regimes rely on personal authority rather than institutions and rules.

---

---

🅑 Assertion – Reason Questions

Q11.

Assertion (A): Modernization theory links democracy with economic development.
Reason (R): Economic growth expands middle class participation and demands for political rights.

• A & R both true, R explains A

• A & R both true, R does not explain A

• A true, R false

• A false, R true

Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
Explanation: Lipset argued that wealth, education and urbanization support democracy.

---

Q12.

Assertion (A): Elite rule is inevitable in modern society.
Reason (R): Mass participation is too disorganized, hence leadership is necessary.

Answer: A & R both true, R explains A
Explanation: Elite theorists like Pareto and Mosca argue power concentrates within minorities.

---

---

🅒 Match the Following

Q13. Match List I with List II

Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

---

Q14. Match the theory with the scholar

Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4