Q1. The earliest Muslim saint to come to India and settle at Multan was:
(1) Moinuddin Chishti
(2) Bahauddin Zakariya
(3) Sheikh Ismail
(4) Ali Hamadani
Correct Answer: (3) Sheikh Ismail
Explanation:
He is credited as the earliest Sufi to settle in India, preceding organized Sufi orders and serving as a pioneer of early Islamic mysticism in North-West India.
Q2. Who among the following introduced the practice of Langar in the Sikh tradition?
(1) Guru Arjun
(2) Guru Angad
(3) Guru Nanak
(4) Guru Amar Das
Correct Answer: (4) Guru Amar Das
Explanation:
Langar (community kitchen) was institutionalised by Guru Amar Das to promote equality beyond caste, creed, or status.
Q3. The doctrine of Wahdat-ul-Wujud (Unity of Being) was expounded by:
(1) Al-Hallaj
(2) Ibn Arabi
(3) Abdul Qadir Jilani
(4) Jalaluddin Rumi
Correct Answer: (2) Ibn Arabi
Explanation:
Wahdat-ul-Wujud is a philosophical concept asserting that all existence is a manifestation of the divine. It later influenced the Chishti Sufis in India.
Q4. The Bhakti movement in South India was led primarily by:
(1) Nayanars and Alvars
(2) Siddhas and Sants
(3) Sufis
(4) Pasupatas
Correct Answer: (1) Nayanars and Alvars
Explanation:
Nayanars (Shaivite) and Alvars (Vaishnavite) poet-saints initiated intense devotional worship, rejecting ritualism and caste dominance.
Q5. Who among the following opposed idol worship and caste, and preached universal religion based on love and devotion?
(1) Vallabhacharya
(2) Ramananda
(3) Basavanna
(4) Kabir
Correct Answer: (4) Kabir
Explanation:
Kabir criticised both Hindu and Muslim orthodoxy and emphasised nirguna bhakti and equality.
Q6. Which Sufi order in India was known for maintaining close relations with the ruling class and accepting royal grants?
(1) Chishti
(2) Suhrawardi
(3) Qadiri
(4) Shattari
Correct Answer: (2) Suhrawardi
Explanation:
Unlike Chishtis, Suhrawardis supported state involvement and accepted patronage, strengthening political influence.
Q7. The Sikh scripture Adi Granth was compiled by:
(1) Guru Nanak
(2) Guru Angad
(3) Guru Amar Das
(4) Guru Arjun
Correct Answer: (4) Guru Arjun
Explanation:
He compiled hymns of earlier Sikh gurus and saints into the Adi Granth (1604), later revised to Guru Granth Sahib.
Q8. Ibadat Khana was established by which Mughal ruler?
(1) Babur
(2) Humayun
(3) Akbar
(4) Jahangir
Correct Answer: (3) Akbar
Explanation:
It was created as a house of worship and philosophical dialogue for scholars of different religions in Fatehpur Sikri.
Q9. Silsilah in Sufism refers to:
(1) Mystical meditation technique
(2) Practice of devotional singing
(3) Chain of spiritual succession
(4) Theory of divine intoxication
Correct Answer: (3) Chain of spiritual succession
Explanation:
Silsilah denotes a lineage of Sufi masters transmitting spiritual authority.
Q10. The term Panchayat referred in medieval Indian villages to:
(1) A group of five tax collectors
(2) A community council for resolving disputes
(3) A religious jury
(4) A mercenary force
Correct Answer: (2) A community council for resolving disputes
Explanation:
The panchayat supervised welfare, justice and village-level administration.
UNIT 6 RECAP
Major themes in this unit:
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Bhakti movement & major saints
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Sufi orders and doctrines
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Sikh movement & Guru lineage
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Social institutions & caste structure
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Village and urban society patterns
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Religious synthesis & cultural interaction